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pve中使用 lvextend

27 September 2024

pve中使用 lvextend 如何为 lvm_group 添加分区

在 Proxmox VE(PVE)中,使用 lvextend 命令为 LVM 组添加空间通常涉及以下步骤。这通常包括扩展物理卷(Physical Volume, PV),然后扩展逻辑卷(Logical Volume, LV)。以下是详细的步骤:

步骤一:查看当前 LVM 配置

首先,您可以使用以下命令查看当前的卷组和逻辑卷信息:

sudo vgdisplay  # 查看卷组信息
sudo lvdisplay  # 查看逻辑卷信息

步骤二:添加物理磁盘

  1. 添加新的物理磁盘:
    • 将新的物理磁盘连接到服务器(如通过 SATA、SCSI 或 NVMe)。
  2. 识别新磁盘:
    • 使用 lsblkfdisk -l 命令来确认新磁盘已被识别。例如,假设新磁盘是 /dev/sdb

步骤三:创建物理卷

使用以下命令将新磁盘初始化为物理卷:

sudo pvcreate /dev/sdb

步骤四:将物理卷添加到卷组

将新的物理卷添加到现有的卷组(假设卷组名为 pve):

sudo vgextend pve /dev/sdb

步骤五:扩展逻辑卷

现在您可以使用 lvextend 命令扩展逻辑卷。例如,假设您要扩展 /dev/pve/root 逻辑卷,可以执行:

sudo lvextend -l +100%FREE /dev/pve/root

步骤六:调整文件系统

如果您希望自动调整文件系统,可以在扩展逻辑卷时使用 -r 选项,或者在扩展后手动调整文件系统:

sudo resize2fs /dev/pve/root  # 对于 ext4 文件系统

在pve-n100机器上实操:

root@pve-n100   ~ lsblk -f       
NAME                    FSTYPE      FSVER    LABEL          UUID                                   FSAVAIL FSUSE% MOUNTPOINTS
sda                                                                                                               
└─sda1                  vfat        FAT32    UNRAID         8EF0-7AB4                                             
nvme0n1                                                                                                           
├─nvme0n1p1             vfat        FAT32                   3876-F8BB                                63.7M    34% /boot/efi
├─nvme0n1p2                                                                                                       
├─nvme0n1p3             ntfs                                02DA817FDA816FA9                                      
├─nvme0n1p4             ext4        1.0      boot_debian12  0e982686-6698-4fc4-8788-18ddd9cc645f      733M    13% /boot
├─nvme0n1p5             LVM2_member LVM2 001                JFVWiY-OPAw-7vxu-dStT-SDV9-urMd-euZsOa                
 ├─lvm_group-swap_lvm  swap        1                       b9cb31ac-c448-4afa-a595-82b5e7c487c2                  [SWAP]
 └─lvm_group-slash_lvm ext4        1.0      slash_debian12 6a698a87-7f0f-48d0-8d00-cddf53a2acb9      9.5G    62% /
├─nvme0n1p6                                                                                                       
├─nvme0n1p7                                                                                                       
├─nvme0n1p8                                                                                                       
├─nvme0n1p9                                                                                                       
└─nvme0n1p10            ntfs                 last_n100      7D38C46630DF92C7       

root@pve-n100   ~ 
root@pve-n100   ~ vgdisplay                  
  --- Volume group ---
  VG Name               lvm_group
  System ID             
  Format                lvm2
  Metadata Areas        1
  Metadata Sequence No  3
  VG Access             read/write
  VG Status             resizable
  MAX LV                0
  Cur LV                2
  Open LV               2
  Max PV                0
  Cur PV                1
  Act PV                1
  VG Size               37.25 GiB
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              9536
  Alloc PE / Size       9536 / 37.25 GiB
  Free  PE / Size       0 / 0   
  VG UUID               sRBaXY-HMBb-hvF3-99Kv-j371-Y2F4-Ku6dXL
   
root@pve-n100   ~ lvdisplay
  --- Logical volume ---
  LV Path                /dev/lvm_group/swap_lvm
  LV Name                swap_lvm
  VG Name                lvm_group
  LV UUID                dSV23x-aAe5-FMsg-tz8e-DHfN-qste-D00Qmj
  LV Write Access        read/write
  LV Creation host, time win10-n100, 2024-01-09 23:42:38 +0800
  LV Status              available
  # open                 2
  LV Size                <7.45 GiB
  Current LE             1907
  Segments               1
  Allocation             inherit
  Read ahead sectors     auto
  - currently set to     256
  Block device           252:1
   
  --- Logical volume ---
  LV Path                /dev/lvm_group/slash_lvm
  LV Name                slash_lvm
  VG Name                lvm_group
  LV UUID                3QCdJl-bsvv-L2np-8XOq-zulz-l3M2-ncDlYj
  LV Write Access        read/write
  LV Creation host, time win10-n100, 2024-01-09 23:43:05 +0800
  LV Status              available
  # open                 1
  LV Size                29.80 GiB
  Current LE             7629
  Segments               1
  Allocation             inherit
  Read ahead sectors     auto
  - currently set to     256
  Block device           252:3
   
root@pve-n100   ~ 

# 使用 gparted 或 fdisk 删除 /dev/nvme0n1p6 ~ /dev/nvme0n1p9, 并重新建立成 /dev/nvme0n1p6 后, 继续操作

root@pve-n100   ~ pvcreate /dev/nvme0n1p6
  Physical volume "/dev/nvme0n1p6" successfully created.
root@pve-n100   ~ 
root@pve-n100   ~ vgextend lvm_group /dev/nvme0n1p6
  Volume group "lvm_group" successfully extended
root@pve-n100   ~ 
root@pve-n100   ~ lvextend -l +100%FREE /dev/lvm_group/slash_lvm
  Size of logical volume lvm_group/slash_lvm changed from 29.80 GiB (7629 extents) to <725.80 GiB (185804 extents).
  Logical volume lvm_group/slash_lvm successfully resized.
root@pve-n100   ~ 
root@pve-n100   ~ resize2fs /dev/lvm_group/slash_lvm
resize2fs 1.47.0 (5-Feb-2023)
Filesystem at /dev/lvm_group/slash_lvm is mounted on /; on-line resizing required
old_desc_blocks = 4, new_desc_blocks = 91
The filesystem on /dev/lvm_group/slash_lvm is now 190263296 (4k) blocks long.

root@pve-n100   ~ 
root@pve-n100   ~ lsblk -f                                      
NAME                    FSTYPE      FSVER    LABEL          UUID                                   FSAVAIL FSUSE% MOUNTPOINTS
sda                                                                                                               
└─sda1                  vfat        FAT32    UNRAID         8EF0-7AB4                                 3.2G    15% /media/luowei/UNRAID
nvme0n1                                                                                                           
├─nvme0n1p1             vfat        FAT32                   3876-F8BB                                63.7M    34% /boot/efi
├─nvme0n1p2                                                                                                       
├─nvme0n1p3             ntfs                                02DA817FDA816FA9                                      
├─nvme0n1p4             ext4        1.0      boot_debian12  0e982686-6698-4fc4-8788-18ddd9cc645f      733M    13% /boot
├─nvme0n1p5             LVM2_member LVM2 001                JFVWiY-OPAw-7vxu-dStT-SDV9-urMd-euZsOa                
 ├─lvm_group-swap_lvm  swap        1                       b9cb31ac-c448-4afa-a595-82b5e7c487c2                  [SWAP]
 └─lvm_group-slash_lvm ext4        1.0      slash_debian12 6a698a87-7f0f-48d0-8d00-cddf53a2acb9    666.7G     3% /
├─nvme0n1p6             LVM2_member LVM2 001                YDJuYO-spP6-1LdC-HWNh-UzWG-1T9r-HAwhgy                
 └─lvm_group-slash_lvm ext4        1.0      slash_debian12 6a698a87-7f0f-48d0-8d00-cddf53a2acb9    666.7G     3% /
└─nvme0n1p10            ntfs                 last_n100      7D38C46630DF92C7                                      
root@pve-n100   ~ 

在pve-acer 上实操

root@pve-acer   ~ lsblk -fs 
NAME                FSTYPE      FSVER    LABEL          UUID                                   FSAVAIL FSUSE% MOUNTPOINTS
sda1                ntfs                                3022DA4B125A1D42                                      
└─sda                                                                                                         
sda2                ext4        1.0      boot_debian12  616a7acf-fc42-4384-9f05-7fbfe1b6b450    734.8M    13% /boot
└─sda                                                                                                         
sda3                                                                                                          
└─sda                                                                                                         
sda4                                                                                                          
└─sda                                                                                                         
sr0                                                                                                           
lvm_group-swap_lvm  swap        1                       b18548bf-b2f9-40b0-b412-2a254a0489f1                  [SWAP]
└─sda5              LVM2_member LVM2 001                78fu4V-D8zl-Ss9q-vdeT-wa0h-6hcP-c5ml4Q                
  └─sda                                                                                                       
lvm_group-slash_lvm ext4        1.0      slash_debian12 415c40e0-e40c-4d54-b38c-01f4d942aa1b    609.7M    93% /
└─sda5              LVM2_member LVM2 001                78fu4V-D8zl-Ss9q-vdeT-wa0h-6hcP-c5ml4Q                
  └─sda                                                                                                       
root@pve-acer   ~ pvcreate /dev/sda4
  Physical volume "/dev/sda4" successfully created.
root@pve-acer   ~ vgextend lvm_group /dev/sda4
  Volume group "lvm_group" successfully extended
root@pve-acer   ~ lvextend -rl +100%FREE /dev/lvm_group/slash_lvm
  Size of logical volume lvm_group/slash_lvm changed from 29.80 GiB (7629 extents) to <60.09 GiB (15382 extents).
  Logical volume lvm_group/slash_lvm successfully resized.
resize2fs 1.47.0 (5-Feb-2023)
Filesystem at /dev/mapper/lvm_group-slash_lvm is mounted on /; on-line resizing required
old_desc_blocks = 4, new_desc_blocks = 8
The filesystem on /dev/mapper/lvm_group-slash_lvm is now 15751168 (4k) blocks long.

root@pve-acer   ~ lsblk -fs                                      
NAME                FSTYPE      FSVER    LABEL          UUID                                   FSAVAIL FSUSE% MOUNTPOINTS
sda1                ntfs                                3022DA4B125A1D42                                      
└─sda                                                                                                         
sda2                ext4        1.0      boot_debian12  616a7acf-fc42-4384-9f05-7fbfe1b6b450    734.8M    13% /boot
└─sda                                                                                                         
sda3                                                                                                          
└─sda                                                                                                         
sr0                                                                                                           
lvm_group-swap_lvm  swap        1                       b18548bf-b2f9-40b0-b412-2a254a0489f1                  [SWAP]
└─sda5              LVM2_member LVM2 001                78fu4V-D8zl-Ss9q-vdeT-wa0h-6hcP-c5ml4Q                
  └─sda                                                                                                       
lvm_group-slash_lvm ext4        1.0      slash_debian12 415c40e0-e40c-4d54-b38c-01f4d942aa1b     29.2G    46% /
├─sda4              LVM2_member LVM2 001                uOuwNC-1zGe-3wvS-s3xt-ikSo-MYHF-ivtdSD                
 └─sda                                                                                                       
└─sda5              LVM2_member LVM2 001                78fu4V-D8zl-Ss9q-vdeT-wa0h-6hcP-c5ml4Q                
  └─sda                                                                                                       
root@pve-acer   ~ 

参考: PVE的local和local-lvm